{"id":6267,"date":"2026-05-30T02:02:25","date_gmt":"2026-05-29T23:02:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jrn.isi.gov.ua\/?page_id=6267"},"modified":"2026-06-01T15:55:56","modified_gmt":"2026-06-01T12:55:56","slug":"doi-10-52150-2522-9117-2026-40-003","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/jrn.isi.gov.ua\/?page_id=6267&lang=en","title":{"rendered":"DOI: 10.52150\/2522-9117-2026-40-003"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T. \u041c. Golubenko<\/strong>1,*<\/sup>, Ph. D. (Tech.), ORCID 0000-0002-3583-211X
V. A. Lutsenko<\/strong>1<\/sup>, D. Sc. (Tech.), Senior Researcher, ORCID 0000-0002-4604-5592
\u041e. V. Lutsenko<\/strong>1<\/sup>, Ph. D. (Tech.), <\/strong>ORCID 0000-0001-8298-5306
G. I. Sivak<\/strong>1<\/sup>, <\/strong>Researcher, <\/strong>ORCID 0000-0001-6948-7732<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1<\/sup> Iron and steel institute of Z.I. Nekrasov of National academy of science of Ukraine<\/em>
* <\/sup>Corresponding author: sumer@i.ua<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABOUT INFLUENCE OF THE CLEANLINESS OF THE LOW-CARBON STEEL G3Si1 DURING PRODUCTION OF THE THIN WIRE<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Abstract. <\/strong>Non-metallic inclusions play a key role in many important properties of steel, affecting the processing and application of steel products. The production of steel wire requires high purity of steel, since non-metallic inclusions can negatively affect its quality: cause defects, reduce plasticity and reduce the durability of the product. Control of non-metallic inclusions is an important stage in the production of high-quality steel wire. For rod made of alloyed, in particular silicon-manganese steels of the G3Si1 type, the regulatory documentation does not specify the maximum number of non-metallic inclusions that can be in the steel without affecting the technical characteristics. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine the number of non-metallic inclusions for steel for welding purposes and their effect on the technical characteristics of the wire. A comparative study of the quality of two batches of silicon-manganese steel G3Si1, which is processed into wire by cold drawing from a diameter of 5.5 mm to 2.0 mm and 0.8 mm, was carried out. The main difficulties in the production of small-diameter wire are associated with increasing the strength and brittleness of the metal during the drawing process in production. The structure of the studied G3Si1 wire rod with a diameter of 5.5 mm consisted of ferrite, pearlite and bainite-martensitic areas. Before drawing to a small (1.2\u20260.8 mm) diameter, the silicon-manganese steel is subjected to heat treatment – annealing, which reduces the strength due to the passage of spheroidization processes. As a result, the structure of the experimental steel consists of ferrite and granular pearlite. Both batches of wire from G3Si1 steel, produced without breaks and with breaks, have the same granular ferrite-pearlite structure and similar properties. A slight increase in the strength of the wire may be due to a higher manganese content within the regulatory values. Studies have shown that for G3Si1 steel, the presence of an excess of non-metallic inclusions by 0.5\u20260.8 index units in the initial rod with a diameter of 5.5 mm leads to breaks during further drawing into wire. As a result of deformation, the number of linear non-metallic inclusions in small-diameter wire increases significantly. Therefore, control of inclusions in low-carbon G3Si1 steel is necessary to ensure continuous production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Keywords: <\/strong>low-carbon steel, non-metallic inclusions, breakability, mechanical properties, structure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For citation:<\/strong> Golubenko, T. \u041c., Lutsenko, V. A., Lutsenko, \u041e. V., & Sivak, G. I.(2026). About influence of the cleanliness of the low-carbon steel G3Si1 during production of the thin wire. Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy<\/em>, 40, 44-55. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.52150\/2522-9117-2026-40-003<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

References<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Parusov, E. V., Sychkov, O. B., Chuyko, I. M., Sahura, L. V., Syvak, A. I., & Holubenko, T. M. (2017). Vplyv khimichnoho skladu stali na utvorennya beynito-martensytnykh dilyanok v strukturi buntovoho prokatu zvaryuval\u02b9noho pryznachennya [The influence of the chemical composition of steel on the formation of bainite-martensitic areas in the structure of rolled steel for welding purposes]. Bulletin of the ukrainian material science society of i.m. frantsevich<\/em>, 10, 60-66.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Asati, B., Shajan, N., & Arora, K. S. (2023). Development of high strength welding consumable for arc welding carbon steels. Materials Today: Proceedings<\/em>. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matpr.2023.07.007<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Das, S., Talukdar, S., Kumar, A., & Mukhopadhyay, G. (2020). Metallurgical investigation of welding wire rod grade during processing. Engineering Failure Analysis<\/em>, 118, 104884. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2020.104884<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Wang, Y., Karasev, A., Park, J. H., & J\u00f6nsson, P. G. (2021). Non-metallic Inclusions in Different Ferroalloys and Their Effect on the Steel Quality: A Review. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B<\/em>, 52, 2892\u20132925 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11663-021-02259-7<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Lipi\u0144ski, T. (2024). Analysis of the Distribution of Non-Metallic Inclusions and Its Impact on the Fatigue Strength Parameters of Carbon Steel Melted in an Electric Furnace. Materials.<\/em> 17(24), 6151 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma17246151<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. Vasconcellos A. L. da Costa e Silva. (2019). The effects of non-metallic inclusions on properties relevant to the performance of steel in structural and mechanical applications. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. <\/em>8(2), 2408-2422 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmrt.2019.01.009<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. Vasconcellos A. L. da Costa e Silva. (2018). Non-metallic inclusions in steels \u2013 origin and control. Journal of Materials Research and Technology<\/em>. 7 (3), 283-299 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmrt.2018.04.003<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. ISO 16120-4:2017. Non-alloy steel wire rod for conversion to wire \u2013 Part 4: Specific requirements for wire rod for special applications. International standard, Switzerland, 11.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0420\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0448\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \/ Received  06.11.2025<\/em>
\u0420\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443 \/ Accepted  28.05.2026<\/em>
\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \/ Published  30.05.2026<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T. \u041c. Golubenko1,*, Ph. D. (Tech.), ORCID 0000-0002-3583-211XV. A. Lutsenko1, D. Sc. (Tech.), Senior Researcher, ORCID 0000-0002-4604-5592\u041e. V. Lutsenko1, Ph. D. (Tech.), ORCID 0000-0001-8298-5306G. I. Sivak1, Researcher, ORCID 0000-0001-6948-7732 1 Iron and steel institute of Z.I. Nekrasov of National academy of science of Ukraine* Corresponding author: sumer@i.ua ABOUT INFLUENCE OF THE CLEANLINESS OF THE LOW-CARBON STEEL G3Si1 DURING PRODUCTION OF THE THIN WIRE Abstract. Non-metallic […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6267","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jrn.isi.gov.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jrn.isi.gov.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jrn.isi.gov.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jrn.isi.gov.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jrn.isi.gov.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6267"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/jrn.isi.gov.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6267\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6975,"href":"https:\/\/jrn.isi.gov.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6267\/revisions\/6975"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jrn.isi.gov.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}