DOI: 10.52150/2522-9117-2025-39-15
N. O. Rott1, Ph. D. (Tech.), Assoc. Prof., ORCID 0000-0002-3839-6405
Z. V. Sazanishvili1,*, Ph. D. (Tech.), Assoc. Prof., ORCID 0000-0003-4138-9238
1 Dnipro University of Technology, Dmytra Yavornytskoho Ave., 19, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49005, Ukraine
* Corresponding author: sazanishvili.z.v@nmu.one
INFLUENCE OF VIBRATION TREATMENT ON THE STRUCTURE FORMATION AND PROPERTIES OF HYPEREUTECTIC SILUMIN
Abstract. The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of the influence of vibration treatment on the crystallization processes, structure formation, and property changes of hypereutectic silumin. The research was carried out on aluminum alloy samples of the Al–Si system, in which eutectic silicon was present in the form of thin plates with a thickness ranging from 0.5 to 10 μm. To reproduce controlled solidification conditions, castings were produced in graphite crucibles. During solidification, vibration oscillations in the frequency range of 20–300 Hz were applied to the melt, which made it possible to investigate the effects from low-frequency beating to resonance and over-resonance modes. It was established that at a frequency of 20 Hz thin silicon plates undergo damage, partially detach, and form nuclei of pseudo-primary crystals. The most pronounced changes occur at a frequency of 50 Hz, when resonance interaction of oscillations with the melt is realized. In this regime, massive fracture of the plates, intensive growth of silicon crystal side facets, formation of a significant volume fraction of pseudo-primary crystals, and appearance of a characteristic “rim” around them were observed. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the occurrence of additional reflections identified as a hexagonal modification of silicon, which forms analogously to the well-known transformation of the cubic diamond lattice into lonsdaleite. It was found that the presence of the hexagonal phase contributes to an increase in the microhardness of the alloy. With a further increase in vibration frequency up to 300 Hz, the effects of plate destruction were significantly reduced, while polytypic silicon forms with lower hardness appeared in the structure. This led to an overall decrease in the strengthening effect of vibration treatment. As a result, a nonlinear relationship between the frequency of applied vibrations and the morphological and phase transformations in the Al–Si system was established. Resonance treatment proved to be the most effective for targeted structure refinement and improvement of the properties of hypereutectic silumin. The obtained results can be used for the development of technologies for controlling the crystallization of aluminum alloys in foundry production in order to enhance their mechanical and operational properties.
Key words: aluminum alloys, hypereutectic silumin, eutectic silicon, vibration treatment, phase transformations, microhardness, structure formation.
For citation: Rott, N. O. & Sazanishvili, Z. V. (2025). Influence of vibration treatment on the structure formation and properties of hypereutectic silumin. Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy, 39, 264-273. https://doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2025-39-15
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Received 11.08.2025
Accepted 21.10.2025
Published online 01.12.2025
