Фундаментальные и прикладные проблемы черной металлургии

DOI: 10.52150/2522-9117-2025-39-03

V. V. Horupakha1, Researcher, ORCID 0000-0003-0531-1871
Yu. S. Semenov1,*, Ph. D. (Tech.), Senior Research, Head of the Department, ORCID 0000-0003-2299-5742
O. Yu. Khudyakov1, Ph. D. (Tech.), Senior Research, ORCID 0000-0002-6507-1120
Ye. I. Shumelchyk1, Ph. D. (Tech.), Senior Research, ORCID 0000-0001-5350-6425
S. V. Vashchenko1, Ph. D. (Tech.), Senior Research, ORCID 0000-0001-8344-961X
K. V. Baiul1, D. Sc. (Tech.), Leading Researcher, ORCID 0000-0003-1426-7956

1 Iron and Steel Institute of Z.I. Nekrasov, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Academican Starodubova Square, 1, Dnipro, 49107, Ukraine

* Corresponding author: yuriy.semenov.isi@gmail.com

RESEARCH OF CIRCULAR GAS DISTRIBUTION IN A BLAST FURNACE USING INFORMATION ON BLOW DISTRIBUTION AND MODERN CONTROL MEASURES

Abstract. The article presents the results of studies of the circumferential gas distribution in a blast furnace using information on the distribution of the blast and modern control means performed on the blast furnaces of PrJSC “Kamet-steel”. The constant and variable factors of influence on the unevenness of the blast flow rate along the circumference of the blast furnaces are highlighted. The main constant factors are the features and technical solutions of the hot blast supply tract, the location of the inlets and the design features of the lining of the inlet zone. The qualitative and quantitative influence of the blow supply units from the direct to the annular air duct, as well as the location of the cast-iron inlets for the modern operation of the blast furnaces of PrJSC “Kamet-steel” are determined. The main variable factors of influence on the unevenness of the blow flow rate are the technological and fuel and raw material conditions of the blast furnace smelting. The article develops a criterion for assessing the circumferential uniformity of the blast for periodic measurements of this unevenness, and also establishes correlations between the main gas-dynamic and temperature-thermal parameters of the tuyere zone, namely: the blast velocity at the tuyere exit, which reflects the actual volume of the blast passing through the cross-section of the air tuyere without taking into account the influence of the fuel supplied to the tuyere and without taking into account the influence of thermal radiation from the combustion chamber; the blast flow rate and the theoretical combustion temperature, which reflects the isothermal temperature-thermal balance of the tuyere zone, depending on the value of the coefficient of unevenness of the blast distribution across individual air tuyere for the operating conditions of the blast furnaces of PrJSC “Kamet-stal”. The article establishes the relationship between the circumferential unevenness of the blow along the air tuyeres and the temperature of the peripheral gas flow and the relationship between the theoretical combustion temperature and the temperature indicators of the gas flow assessment above the surface of the charge, which characterize the development of the axial and peripheral gas flow, the gas permeability of the intermediate zone of the furnace top radius and the size of the axial vent. The multifactorial relationship between: blow – theoretical combustion temperature – the ratio of reduction in the “lower” and “upper” zones of the blast furnace – ore load is considered and analyzed, the need to comply with the conditions for burning fuel impurities to reduce the theoretical temperature and achieve the efficiency of blast furnace smelting is shown.

Keywords: blast furnace, blast furnace smelting control, pulverized coal, circumferential distribution of blast, gas flow temperatures.

For citation: Horupakha, V. V., Semenov, Yu. S., Khudyakov, O. Yu., Shumelchyk, Ye. I., Vashchenko, S. V., & Baiul, K. V. Research of circular gas distribution in a blast furnace using information on blow distribution and modern control measures. Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy, 39, 34-60. https://doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2025-39-03

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Received  13.08.2025
Accepted 21.10.2025
Published online 01.12.2025

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