Фундаментальные и прикладные проблемы черной металлургии

DOI: 10.52150/2522-9117-2026-40-025

А. H. Cherniatevych1, D. Sc. (Tech.), Professor, ORCID 0000-0002-4552-4997
L. S. Моlchanov1,*, Ph. D., Senior Researcher, ORCID 0000-0001-6139-5956

1 Iron and steel institute of Z.I. Nekrasov of National academy of science of Ukraine
* Corresponding author: ferrosplav@ukr.net

DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF CONVERTER MELTING IN THE CONDITIONS OF PJSC “ARCELORMITTAL KRYVYI RIG”

Abstract. The latest forecasts indicate that in the next 20-30 years blast furnace and oxygen converter production will remain the dominant link in obtaining steel along the technological route “blast furnace – oxygen converter” due to economic profitability with a heat coefficient of up to 90 % and more. Today the most relevant direction for improving the process of smelting oxygen converter steel in Ukraine is to increase the share of scrap being processed above 25%. It is in the conditions of technologies common in world practice of preheating metal scrap in the converter cavity and combined blowing with top oxygen supply through a conventional multi-nozzle lance and neutral mixing gas (nitrogen, argon) through the bottom. The aim of the research is to develop and propose for implementation in the post-war period in the converter shop of PJSC “ARCELORMITTAL KRYVI RIG” on 160-t converters the follow: new design of a fuel-oxygen lance and an energy-efficient method for preheating metal scrap in the converter cavity; a multi-purpose two-tier oxygen lance, which provides the functions of energy-efficient combined blowing of the converter bath with post combustion of exhaust gases when supersonic and sonic oxygen and nitrogen jets are supplied from above with simultaneous injection of neutral mixing gases (nitrogen, argon) through the bottom of the unit and obtaining the final iron-carbon intermediate product with an increased scrap metal consumption, as well as applying slag garniture to the converter lining in order to extend the converter’s operating campaign. Using the obtained data of high-temperature modeling of metal scrap heating in the converter cavity and combined blowing of the converter bath, the following new energy-efficient lance devices and methods of converter melting with an increased proportion of scrap in the metal charge were developed and proposed for implementation in the post-war period: a rotating fuel-oxygen lance for heating scrap in the converter in a vertical position using pulverized coal fuel or natural gas, equipped with a head with 4 Laval oxygen nozzles with cylindrical fuel nozzles located in each of them and scrap heating technology with the supply of PCF or NG in an annular oxygen shell; energy-efficient technology of combined blowing of the converter bath with top supersonic and sonic oxygen and nitrogen jets supply with CO to CO2 post combustion of the exhaust gases and neutral gas with mixing gas (nitrogen, argon) through the bottom using a new design of a two-tier lance, which contains a two-row lower head (4 Laval nozzles and 8 cylindrical) and an upper nozzle block with 8 cylindrical nozzles.

Key words: oxygen converter, fuel-oxygen lance, heating of metal scrap, two-tier oxygen lance, combined blowing of the converter bath, post combustion of exhaust gases, energy efficiency of smelting.

For citation: Cherniatevych, А. H., & Моlchanov, L. S. (2026). Directions for increasing the energy efficiency of converter smelting in the conditions of PJSC “ARCELORMITTAL KRYVYI RIG”. Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy, 40, 386-432. https://doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2026-40-025

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Рукопис надійшов до редакції / Received  02.03.2025
Рекомендовано до друку / Accepted 28.05.2026
Опубліковано / Published 30.05.2026

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