Фундаментальные и прикладные проблемы черной металлургии

DOI: 10.52150/2522-9117-2026-40-019

M. H. Ivancha1, Senior Researcher, ORCID 0000-0002-5366-9328
V. I. Vіshnyakov1, Researcher, ORCID 0000-0002-5538-6962
I. H. Muravyova1,*, D. Sc. (Tech.), Leading Researcher, ORCID 0000-0001-5926-7787
L. I. Garmash1, Ph. D. (Tech.), Senior Researcher, ORCID 0000-0002-6873-6685
V. R. Shcherbachov1, Junior Researcher, Ph. D. Student, ORCID 0000-0002-6734-0451
O. O. Biloshapka1, Junior Researcher, ORCID 0000-0003-3103-0512
K. P. Yermolina1, Leading Engineer, ORCID 0000-0001-6819-9886

1 Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
* Corresponding author: irinamuravyova@gmail.com

CALCULATION METHODS AND MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF CHARGE MATERIALS ON THE TOP OF A BLAST FURNACE, USED IN TECHNOLOGICAL AND RESEARCH PRACTICE

Abstract. Increasing the efficiency of using the reducing capacity of gases in a blast furnace, optimizing the processes of slag formation and lining, forming a rational configuration and dimensions of the cohesive zone and, as a result, improving the technical and economic indicators of smelting as a whole is ensured, first of all, by rational distribution of charge materials on the top. Analysis of known calculation methods and mathematical models of the distribution of charge materials on the top of a blast furnace, which are used in technological and research practice, showed that mathematical modeling using the results of experimental studies remains the main way to obtain information about the distribution of charge materials. Instrumental means of controlling the distribution of charge components do not currently exist. A feature of known mathematical models is that with their use the distribution of two charge components was predicted – the iron ore part and coke. Modern blast furnace charge conditions are characterized by a significant expansion of the raw material base and the component composition of charge materials loaded into the blast furnace. When these components are unloaded onto the surface of the backfill, a mixture layer is formed, the composition of which differs significantly in different zones of the top. The difference in the composition of the mixtures determines the corresponding difference in the high-temperature properties of the iron ore part of the charge and the properties of the melts along the cross-section of the blast furnace. Analysis of previously performed research in the field of developing mathematical models and methods for calculating distribution characteristics showed that a significant part of the work is devoted to the distribution of the iron ore and carbon-containing parts of the charge as a whole, without assessing the distribution of the components included in it. In this regard, problems are becoming particularly relevant, the solution of which is aimed at creating a complex mathematical model of blast furnace loading, which includes models of a number of processes of forming multicomponent portions of charge materials, their movement along the loading path and in the working space of the blast furnace, as well as their distribution on the surface of the backfill.

Key words: blast furnace, mathematical models, multicomponent charge, component distribution in zones.

For citation: Ivancha, M. H., Vіshnyakov, V. I., Muravyova, I. H., Garmash, L. I., Shcherbachov, V. R., Biloshapka, O. O., & Yermolina, K. P. (2026). Calculation methods and mathematical models of the distribution of charge materials on the top of a blast furnace, used in technological and research practice. Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy, 40, 290-319. https://doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2026-40-019

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Рукопис надійшов до редакції / Received  22.10.2025
Рекомендовано до друку / Accepted 28.05.2026
Опубліковано / Published 30.05.2026

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