DOI: 10.52150/2522-9117-2023-37-447-464
Kononenko Ganna Andriivna, D. Sc. (Tech.), Senior Researcher, Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Academican Starodubova Square, 1, Dnipro, 49107, Ukraine. ORCID: 0000-0001-7446-4105. E-mail: perlit@ua.fm
Kimstach Tetiana Volodymyrivna, Junior Researcher, Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Academican Starodubova Square, 1, Dnipro, 49107, Ukraine.
Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Lazariana Str., 2, Dnipro, 49010, Ukraine.
ORCID: 0000-0002-8993-201X. E-mail: 1375tatyana@gmail.com
Safronova Olena Anatoliivna, Junior Researcher, Ph. D. Student, Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Academican Starodubova Square, 1, Dnipro, 49107, Ukraine. ORCID: 0000-0002-4032-4275. E-mail: safronovaaa77@gmail.com
Podolsky Rostyslav Viacheslavovych, Ph. D. (Tech.), Researcher, Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Academican Starodubova Square, 1, Dnipro, 49107, Ukraine. ORCID: 0000-0002-0288-0641. E-mail: rostislavpodolskij@gmail.com
WAYS OF INCREASING THE STABILITY AND SURVIVAL OF ROLLED SHEET MADE OF ARMORED STEEL. (OVERVIEW)
Abstract. The constant increase in the requirements for the protection of armored vehicles, caused by the improvement of highly effective weapons, dictates the need to find new approaches to increase the dynamic stability of armor steels using modern metallurgical, materials science and design achievements. The development and design of workable materials and structures of armor protection is a complex scientific and technical problem. The purpose of the work is to determine the promising directions for improving the composition and processing technologies of high-strength steels for the production of heavy-duty rolled steel, which will ensure an increase in the operational characteristics of armor. The work considers the requirements for the physical, mechanical and ballistic characteristics of rolled steel for the production of armored barriers. The influence of alloying on the properties of high-strength steels, which are currently used for the manufacture of armor protection, is analyzed. Modern trends to improve their quality are considered. The types of thermal treatment of thick rolled products, their influence on the formation of the structure and complex of mechanical properties, armor resistance and survivability of elements of special products are analyzed. Based on the results of the research, it was established in the paper that the formation of a structure of finely dispersed bainite ferrite without the release of cementite-type carbides in combination with stable residual austenite is a promising direction for obtaining a high complex of strength and viscosity, as well as ballistic characteristics of structural steels. The formation of such a structure is achieved thanks to the complex alloying of steel with chemical elements that allow to almost completely suppress the processes of carbide formation in bainite ferrite (silicon, aluminum, cobalt, nickel).
Key words: homogeneous thick sheet steel, hardness, strength, impact strength, bainite ferrite, heat treatment.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2023-37-447-464
For citation: Kononenko, G. A., Kimstach, T. V., Safronova, O. A., & Podolskyi, R. V. (2023). Ways of increasing the stability and survival of rolled sheet made of armored steel. (Overview). Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy, 37, 447-464. https://doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2023-37-447-464
References
1. Rosenberg, Z. & Dekel, E. (2012). Terminal Ballistics. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 323
2. Vysokovskyi, S. I., Huhlin, Η.N., Levin, L. S., Maresiev M. I., & Filorikian B. K. (1976). Pro shliakhy pidvyshchennia protysnariadnoi stiikosti katanoi stalevoi broni dlia tankiv [About ways to increase the anti-projectile resistance of rolled steel armor for tanks]. Questions of defense equipment. Series XX, 63. http://btvt.info/5library/vop_1976_btk1.htm
3. Korolko, S. V. (2015). Analiz i otsinka mozhlyvostei zastosuvannia suchasnykh materialiv dlia bronovanoi tekhniky ta zakhystu osobovoho skladu vid urazhennia [Analysis and assessment of the possibilities of using modern materials for armored vehicles and protecting personnel from damage]. Weapon systems and military equipment, 2(42), 163-167
4. Rybin, A. A., Letnikov, A. Yu. & Sidorov, I. I. (2001). Eksperimentalnyiy analiz mehanicheskogo povedeniya polimernyih nitey v ishodnom sostoyanii i v sostave tkaney pri impulsnyih nagruzkah [Experimental analysis of the mechanical behavior of polymer threads in the initial state and as part of fabrics under pulsed loads]. Defense technology issues, 3, 125-126
5. Dashevskaya, O. B., Chuhin, B. D. & Hromushin, V. A. (2000). Perspektivyi sovershenstvovaniya tkanevoy zaschityi dlya sozdaniya sredstv individualnoy bronezaschityi [Prospects for improving fabric protection for the creation of personal armor protection]. Current problems of protection and safety, 2, 300
6. Shadrin, I. D., Hmelnikov, E. A., Vender, I. I., Zavodova, T. E. & Smagin, K. V. (2018). Analiz bronevoy zaschityi tankov [Analysis of armor protection of tanks]. INTEREXPO, 7, 167-177
7. Yak vykorystovuietsia bronova stal [How armor steel is used]. https://promplace.ru/vidy-metallov-i-klassifikaciya-staty/bronevaya-stal-1516.htm
8. Bronia homohenna v suchasnykh tankakh: mitsnist, rykoshetospromozhnist [Armor is homogeneous in modern tanks: strength, ricochet capacity]. https://fb.ru/article/279425/bronya-gomogennaya-v-sovremennyih-tankah-prochnost-rikoshetosposobnost
9. Zahorianskyi, V. H. (2015). Optimizatsiya harakteristik protivopulnoy bimetallicheskoybroni po kriteriyu predelnoy skorosti probitiya [Optimization of the characteristics of bulletproof bimetallic armor according to the criterion of maximum penetration speed]. Processing of solid and laminated materials, 1 (42), 28-34
10. Tyshchenko, V. I. & Hretskykh, O. V. (2019). Osoblyvosti doslidzhennia okremykh zrazkiv patroniv vohnepalnoi zbroi [Peculiarities of the investigation of the surrounding explosions of fire-fighting cartridges]. Current problems in the thorough development of official legislation in Ukraine: Collection of scientific articles, 49, 89-99
11. Crouch, I. G., Cimpoeru, S. J., Li, H. & Shanmugam, D. (2017). Armour steels. The Science of Armour Materials, 55-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100704-4.00002-5
12. Barenyi, I., Hires, O. & Liptak, P.(2013). Changes in Mechanical Properties of Armoured UHSLA Steel ARMOX 500 After Over Tempering. Problems of Mechatronics. Armament, Aviation, Safety Engineering, 4, 7-14
13. Barenyi, I. (2012). Secondary processing of UHSLA ARMOX 500 steel with heat based technologies. University Review, 6(2), 6-9
14. Yak vykorystovuietsia bronova stal [How armor steel is used] https://promplace.ru/vidy-metallov-i-klassifikaciya-staty/bronevaya-stal-1516.htm
15. The Science of Armour Materials. (2016). Edited by Ian G. Crouch. Duxford: Woodhead Publishing, 754
16. Znosostiika ta zakhysna stal MIILUX [MIILUX wear-resistant and protective steel] https://emk24.ru/wiki/spetsialnye_stali/iznosostoykie-stali-miilux_8710245/
17. Ultra High Hard Armor–Mars 240 For Sale. Bozhong Metal. http://surl.li/ppcoz
18. Babynets, A. A., Riabtsev, Y. A. & Panfylov, A. Y. (2018). Materialyi dlya individualnoy bronezaschityi (Obzor) [Materials for personal armor protection (Review)]. Automatic welding, 8, 45-51
19. Chukin, M. V., Salganik, V. M., Poletskov, P. P., Berezhnaya, G. A., Guschina, M. S., Kuznetsova, A. S. & Alekseev, D. Yu. Analiz tekhnichnykh vymoh, shcho prediavliaiutsia do nanostrukturovanoho vysokomitsnoho lystovoho prokatu [Analysis of the technical requirements for nanostructured high-strength sheet metal]. http://surl.li/ppcpj
20. Bronovana lystova stal [Armored sheet steel]. https://b-steel.ru/listovoj-prokat-armox.
21. Khan, W., Tufail, M. & Chandio, A. D. (2022). Characterization of Microstructure, Phase Composition, and Mechanical Behavior of Ballistic Steels. Materials, 15(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15062204
22. Caballero, F. G. & Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H. (2004). Very strong bainite. Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, 8, 251-257
23. Kaletin, A. Yu., Schastlivtsev, V. M., Kareva, N. T. & Smirnov M. A. (1983). Embrittlement of structural steel with a bainitic structure upon tempering. Fiz. Met. Metalloved, (56), 366–371
24. Liu, B., Li, W., Lu, X., Jia, X. & Jin, X. (2019). The effect of retained austenite stability on impact-abrasion wear resistance in carbide-free bainitic steels. Wear, 428–429, 127-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2019.02.032
25. Kaletin, Yu. M., Ryzhkov, A. G. & Kaletin, A. Yu. (1987). Alloying and heat treatment of steels with bainitic structure. Springer, 29, 731–735
26. Navarro-Lopez, A., Sietsma, J. & Santofimia, M.J. (2016). Effect of prior athermalmartensite on the isothermal transformation kinetics below Ms in a low-C High-Si steel. Metallurgical and materials transactions, 47A, 1028-1039
27. Setia, P., Venkateswaran, T., Tharian, K. T., Jain, J., Sudhanshu, S. Singh & Shekhar, S. (2022) Influence of Si content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of silicon stainless steel. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 142141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.142141
28. Simonov, Y., Georgiev, M. & Syuzeva, E. (2015). Onditions of the formation of lower carbidefree-bainite under continuous slow cooling. Scientific proceedigs XII international congress “Machines, technologies, materials”, 84-87
29. Andreev, A. K. & Ermakov B. S. (2016). Materialyi dlya nizkotemperaturnoy tehniki: ucheb. posobie [Materials for low-temperature equipment: textbook. allowance]. ITMO University
30. Hakan Atapek, S. (2013). Development of a New Armor Steel and its Ballistic Performance. Defence Science Journal, 63(3), 271-277. https://doi.org/10.14429/dsj.63.1341
31. Hryhorenko, H. M., Zuber, T. O., Kostin, V. A. & Pozniakov, V. D. (2018). Struktura ta vlastyvosti metalu zony termichnoho vplyvu zvarnykh ziednan vysokomitsnykh spetsialnykh stalei [The structure and properties of the metal of the heat-affected zone of welded joints of high-strength special steels]. Metallurgy and metal processing, 4, 27-34. https://doi.org/10.15407/mom2018.04.027
32. Nemchinskiy, L. L. (1960). Metallovedenye (sbornyk statei) [Metallurgy (collection of articles)]. Sudpromgiz, 4, 27
33. Vyilezhnev, V. Ts, Sarrak, V. I. & Entin, R. I. (1972). Metal problems, 1, 190.
34. Konca, E. A. (2020) Comparison of the Ballistic Performances of Various Microstructures in MIL-A-12560 Armor Steel. Metals, 10, 446. https://doi.org/10.3390/met10040446


